Electromagnetic Induction and Faraday’s Law

• Electromagnetic induction is the process of creating a current in a circuit by changing a magnetic field.
• Faraday’s law states the following:

An electric current can be produced in a circuit by a changing magnetic field.

• As the loop moves in and out of the magnetic field of the magnet, a current is induced in the circuit.
• Rotating the circuit or changing the strength of the magnetic field will also induce a current in the circuit.
• A generator is a machine that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy.
• An alternating current (AC) is an electric current that changes direction at regular intervals.
• Generators produce the electrical energy you use in your home.
• A transformer is a device that increases or decreases the voltage of alternating current.
• The voltage induced in the secondary coil of a transformer depends on the number of loops, or turns, in the coil.
• In a step-up transformer the voltage across the secondary coil is greater than the voltage across the primary coil.
• In a step-down transformer, the secondary coil has fewer loops than the primary coil and the voltage is lowered by the transformer.